Bystander Intervention news story:
RICHMOND, Calif. – The gang rape and beating of a 15-year-old girl on school grounds after her homecoming dance was horrific enough. But even more shocking, police say, was that up to 20 people watched and did nothing to stop it. (see here)
h/t Blue
A good youtube video for cognitive miser:
I also show a Where’s Waldo and talk about how we think — categorize, discard. I get them to describe how they go through the image trying to find Waldo.

And, to make things more interesting, I talk about “Hot” and “Cold” cognitions. Check out this research. Students found it interesting. There is also this Washington Post article I use for one of the paper options.
For Schemas, I ask them to list what characteristics make a dog. How do these differentiate from a cat? What is dogginess? I also ask them to close their eyes and picture a dog and ask them to tell me what they pictured. That is their doggiest dog (mine is a golden retriever).
In honor of the Scatterplot Mario Kart Wii tournament tonight (you going down, suckas), I thought I’d explain how I used Mario Kart Wii in the classroom. I hope to publish on this and present at ASA, but you get a short view of it here.
My wonderful co-author (Killa!) and I set up two MK Wii tournaments for my social psych students — 0ne control and one experimental. Basically, you lecture on minimal group dynamics (stress Sherif’s Robber’s Cave) and Tajfel’s experiments with under & over estimators and Klee v. Kandinsky. Then you have them do the dot estimation task (you can get slides here). When they arrive the day of the tournament(s), split them into teams based on over or under-estimators (really, it’s random, but you tell them that it’s based on score). You can also have a control tournament where you tell them that teams are random.
Then you play Wii. You have fun, encourage smack talk, and the like.

After the tournament, you have them fill out some kind of survey depending on what you want to stress (we used personality traits — likable, smart, etc. — but you could do resource distrubution if you wanted to use this for an inequality class). After that, you just do some simple data entry and analysis to compare different types of results. Show these and lead a discussion about them. What differences do you see? How does that vary between the “experimental group” or “random group?” Does it matter who wins? Then discuss how it’s different from minimal group paradigms (actually saw each other, knew who each other was, etc.). You can also ask how to increase differences (a game that calls for direct co-operation, like basketball, instead of taking turns) and eliminate them (through co-opperating with each other to beat the instructor. I did have one student play me, he kicked my butt).
Great news! This is actually a justifiable method. In a pre-test & post-test quiz, students who actively participated in the tournaments improved their grades MORE than those who were simply in attendance to listen to both lectures (the pre-test and post-test lecture days). I won’t present the statistics here, but there is clear evidence that playing Mario Kart Wii IMPROVES GRADES!!! (Jury’s still out on whether it improves evaluations.)
My students didn’t really enjoy it, but it allowed me to look like a dork for them. So, that was funny at least, even if this wasn’t:

I like giving explanations in flowchart or picture form. Here is SSI:
And Stryker’s Identity Theory:
For exchange theory, I showed a variety of different network shapes. I then asked for volunteers and put them in these following networks:



I then asked them to exchange note cards, in the way exchange theory does (limited number of exchanges, want other people’s paper) and showed who in the network had power. I also talked about network breaks in the Y shape. They seemed to enjoy this. I’m sure some has written up how to do this for Teaching Soc or something, but I just put it together for myself.
Symbolic Interaction (Chicago School)
I show “Who’s On First” to talk about shared meaning, negotiating meaning, and how we can live next door to each other and still be in our own little worlds (as Blumer says).
I also have an activity. It turned out that I would use/talk about this activity throughout the semester to make points. So it worked out well. I got a box and just put different objects in it. A football, plain pieces of paper, crayons, playdough, can of soda, candy, a pen, nail polish… not remembering everything. Then I went around the classroom and gave either a single person or a small group and object and gave them the directions “Do something with this.” Then I let them play. After a while (when they seemed to be done having fun), we talked about what their object was and what they did with it. How did groups decide what to do? Some groups did the obvious — I had candy, I ate it. This led to a discussion of how they knew to eat candy. One group had candy, but they decided to draw it instead of eat it. This lead to a discussion of structure and agency. Most of all, I stressed that the process of naming an object includes: a label, an evaluation of the object (good/bad), and suggests a course of action.
I noted that a team that I gave candy asked me if they could have playdough instead. I said no (cause I was out of it at the time, though I didn’t say that). So they just grumbled and then proceded to do something with the candy. Why didn’t they try to trade with someone who had playdough? Anyway, it was a fun activity that I was able to bring up to make points throughout the entire semester.
I also talk a bit about culture with this. I tried to Rick Roll my students, but only a few of them got it. So that was an example fail.
Socialization
I talk about how we learn to be human — even things like eating — via socialization. To bring this home, I show this clip about Genie and then ask them what she couldn’t do because she lacked the necessary socialization:
I also talk about socialization in childhood, young adult, and during adulthood. I close the childhood component by talking about gender socialization and playing Barenaked Ladies “When I was a Boy” and showing images of advertising (see Sociological Images).
I talk about counter-culture and show/discuss Straight Edge:
You can also show and discuss Killing Us Softly (clips on Youtube here).
_____________________________________________
Well, I hope any of this can be helpful.
One of the first things I cover is research methods. This is after the overall history lecture, which there is no way I can put up here. I can give you my prelim answer, if anyone wants to know my take on the history of social psychology. I start with the publication of the Social Psychology texts and Triplett experiments (later to be called social facilitation)… But, really the first big thing I talk about is WWII and the immigration of researchers (such as Lewin and Moreno) to the U.S. and the MASSIVE effects they had on the development of sociological social psych. I trace that through experiments, social networks, Social Psych Quarterly… How those affected exchange theory and graphic theoretic formations of expectation states (Bales, etc.). It’s quite the lecture. Unfortunately, no one has truly written a history of social psychology in sociology. What does exist tends to be sidelined by psychology. There are a few good sources. If you are interested, let me know and I can post them. Anyway…
Research Methods
Well, I use the now published CRISP article findings to talk about what methods are used at what rate.Then I talk about each method (besides commentaries) and a few additional ones.

Experiments:
I show them this website to talk about how (and why) to use randomization.
I then have them vote on whether they want to watch a cartoon clip about Milgram or about the Zimbardo prison experiment. They chose the cartoon (which is quite funny and they enjoyed). Evidently, the Zimbardo clip has been removed. Here’s the cartoon:
Field Studies:
I didn’t have a clip for this, but they loved to discuss Tearoom Trade and Larry Craig. Even those who hadn’t heard about it before, remembered it weeks later when doing an informal writing — so it worked.
Network Analysis:
I used two examples – one from my own research and the other from facebook. I joined that facebook application that draws your network picture of friends. I then screen capped it and used paint.net to create an image to show. Some of them knew about this application, and I think it helped them make sense of what networks were. Of course, I contrasted this to the actual network analysis picture (directed, density, lines, nodes, centrality…).
Others:
I talked about computer simulations with the prisoner’s dilema (showing this website).
I also showed them Interact quickly (did it more on the emotions week).
Implicit Association Test for attitudes (played around with it in front of them later in the semester and talked about problems with it).
I also talked about virtual reality research. I’ve actually taken a class on it, so that was easy. I didn’t have any sources, but the students found it an interesting idea. And, I talked a bit about new physiological measures and how they are entering into social psych.


Okay, so before I get to the fun stuff (the clips and other things I used in class), I wanted to let you know what paper assignments I used. There were four assignments, but students signed up for 2 of these 4. The only restriction on the sign-up was that they could not sign up for 3 & 4. In the future, I would limit the number that can sign up for each… since it ended up with almost everyone doing 2 & 3. There was also one extra credit paper.
From the Syllabus:
There are four papers throughout the semester. These papers will give you the opportunity to work more closely with particular theories and areas of research and apply them to your life or to popular culture. You will be required to complete TWO of these. You are required, at minimum, to do one of these before the first test. You may, if you choose, do the first two. Options thus include: 1 and 2, 1 and 3, 1 and 4, 2 and 3, 2 and 4. You should take special note that doing assignment 3 and 4 is NOT an option. Take a close look at this syllabus and the syllabi from your other classes before signing up – which we will do the second week of class. Once you do sign-up, you CANNOT change. Included here is a short synopsis of each assignment.
- Read the suggested material for this week: Kain, Edward L. 1999. “Building the Sociological Imagination through a Cumulative Curriculum: Professional Socialization in Sociology.” Teaching Sociology 27(1): 1-16. Using the readings for this week, discuss your socialization experience in your major field. Reading Smith and Kleinman’s (1989) article from the emotion section (week 15) of the course may give you further insight.
- Analysis of Law and Order: Special Victims Unit “Mean” Episode: This episode of SVU has the defense using Asch’s conformity theory to justify why two girls “followed” the lead of another in a murder. Using the readings from this week, explain the defense’s case. If you were the prosecutor, how would you respond?
- You will be provided with a handout of a jury that sat on a case. Utilizing status characteristics theory, predict who was chosen as jury foreperson. Include a ranking for your top three choices. Explain how you came to your conclusions.
- Utilizing both the material on “hot” and “cold” cognition and the readings on emotions, discuss the Washington Post article, “Hot and Cold Emotions Make Us Poor Judges” which is available on WebCT. Discuss an example of the disjoint between perceptions you have of behavior when you are in a “cold” emotional state compared to a “hot” state. This can be a reflection of your own behavior, an occurrence in the national news (not one covered in the article), or of your observance of others’ behavior (you could even draw from movies or television shows).
By far, the best papers were written for assignment #2. I purposely left it vague so students could bring in a variety of different theories we discussed. They really stretched their analytical skills and formed their own mini-theories for the case. Paper 1 could have been better. Basically, I think I needed to provide more direction on it. #3 was ok. Some students really went after it, making up their own math using the burden of proof assumption. #4, I don’t think I would use again. Some students went above and beyond and really thought about it critically, tied in social cognition discussion (which I asked them to) — in unique ways.
The extra credit was a little more fun.
INFORMATION ON EXTRA CREDIT:
Read the Wired article by David Wolman, “The Truth about Autism: Scientists Reconsider What They Think They Know.” Watch the YouTube video, “In My Language” put together by Amanda Baggs.
Drawing on lectures and readings, address how symbolic interactionists would understand this video. You should pose a question and provide an analysis of how symbolic interactionist would answer that question. Example questions include: Is she participating in symbolic interactionism (SI)? Does she have a self?
Make sure to draw on concepts of symbolic interaction. For example, how does symbolic interaction argue the self is formed? Feel free to critique SI. If you do, make sure to provide the logic for your critique.
Helpful readings may include:
Blumer, Herbert. 1969. “The Methodological Position of Symbolic Interactionism.” Pgs. 1- 21 in
Symbolic Interactionism: Perspective and Method. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Goffman, Erving. 1959. Pp. 1-76 in Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. New York:
Doubleday.
Mead, George Herbert. 1913. “The Social Self.” The Journal of Philosophy, Psychology and
Scientific Methods 10(14):374-380.
Stryker, Sheldon. 1980. “Contemporary Symbolic Interactionism: A Statement.” Chapter 3 in
Symbolic Interactionism: A Social Structural Version. The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company.
Thoits, Peggy. 1985. “Self-labeling Processes in Mental Illness: The Role of Emotional
Deviance.” American Journal of Sociology 92:221-249. (from week 15)
I would like to stress that this paper is exploratory. There is no right or wrong answer. I’m looking for you to utilize your knowledge of symbolic interaction to explore this video. You responsibility, therefore, is to represent symbolic interactionism correctly and to BE CREATIVE.
____________________________________
Not many students did the extra credit. I do think this has some great potential. Of the few papers I did get, they were very interesting to read. Next up, I’ll start posting examples of concepts.
YAY!
About damn time. October 2005, I had the idea and went to my co-author (and eventual first author). Rejected from SPQ without review. It has now found a home at CRISP.
Speaking of SPQ and rejections, I did get the single nicest rejection letter from them for a paper on Wikipedia (with Mad Slave). Thanks to Kristina B. for comments on that one. It is now out under review elsewhere.
Among other great things, Fine said:
This is a somewhat difficult letter to write. So let me begin with a sincere compliment: you have found one of the most compelling, intriguing datasets of any that I have reviewed as editor of Social Psychology Quarterly. Your manuscript, “[Wiki Paper],” is engaging and – rare for this type of writing – fun to read.
I swear, it was so nice, it needs to be framed. Of course, it ended with rejection. But, still. It was a warm and fuzzy rejection.
I don’t know who this would actually help, but I’m going to start posting materials from my social psychology course. Why? Well, from what I’ve seen, it was a fairly unique course. Also, I did a LOT of legwork finding good examples of concepts that others might find useful — even if it’s the only useful thing you get from all of this. There are very few helpful websites for people teaching sociological social psychology. Of course you can use some stuff on the psych side. But, I knew a lot of my students would have taken the psychological version of the course — and DAMMIT — we have plenty in sociology to fill a few semesters, much less one. These existing websites are:
Of course, there are some soc bloggers that put up great material sometimes. So, watch for that as well.
Course Schedule
I organized the class around the historical development of American social psychology (mostly, brought in some European) mainly after WWII. One of the first day of classes, I give an overall lecture on the history of social psychology in sociology (some psych in the early years). The undergrads didn’t LOVE this lecture, but I think it helped provide framework. I would SO change the attitudes reading. Way beyond most of them. Also, I didn’t use week 10, had a guest lecturer instead (I’m sure all of you who know who I am — which is all of you, can guess who that was).
Here is the schedule:
Week One History of Social Psychology-Overview
August 26: Course Introduction and Social Psychological Perspectives
August 27: Stryker, Sheldon. 1977. “Developments in ‘Two Social Psychologies’: Toward an Appreciation of Mutual Relevance.” Sociometry 40: 145-160.
Stolte, John F., Gary Alan Fine, and Karen S. Cook. 2001. “Sociological Miniaturism: Seeing the Big Through the Small in Social Psychology.” Annual Review of Sociology 27: 387-413.
Week Two Attitudes—Historical Importance and Current Research
September 2: Eagley, Alice H. and Shelly Chaiken. 1998. “Attitude Structure and Function.” Pp. 269-322 in Handbook of Social Psychology Volume 2, edited by Daniel T. Gilbert, Susan T. Fiske, and Gardner Lindzey. Boston, MA; McGraw-Hill.
September 4: ****Sign-up for paper topics
Text: DeLamater and Myers Chapter 6
Week Three Symbolic Interactionism: Origins and Process
September 9: Blumer, Herbert. 1969. “The Methodological Position of Symbolic Interactionism.” Pgs. 1- 21 in Symbolic Interactionism: Perspective and Method. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
September 11: CHOOSE ONE:
Becker, Howard S. 1953. “Becoming a Marijuana User.” The American Journal of Sociology 59(3):235-242.
Fine, Gary Alan. 1979. “Small Groups and Culture Creation: The Idioculture of Little League Baseball.” American Sociological Review 44(5):733-745.
Suggested: Mead, George Herbert. 1913. “The Social Self.” The Journal of Philosophy, Psychology and Scientific Methods 10(14):374-380.
Text: DeLamater and Myers Chapter 1, pgs. 5-18
****Last Day to sign-up for extra credit!!!!
Week Four Socialization
September 16: DeLamater, John D. and Daniel J. Myers. 2007. “Socialization.” Pp. 52-81 in
Social Psychology, Sixth Edition. Fort Worth: Harcourt Brace.
September 18: CHOOSE ONE:
Adler, Patricia A., Steven J. Kless, and Peter Adler. 1992. “Socialization to Gender Roles: Popularity among Elementary School Boys and Girls.” Sociology of Education 65(3):169-187.
Cahill, Spencer. 1999. “Emotional Capital and Professional Socialization: The Case of Mortuary Science Students (and Me).” Social Psychology Quarterly 62(2):101-116.
Suggested: Kain, Edward L. 1999. “Building the Sociological Imagination through a Cumulative Curriculum: Professional Socialization in Sociology.” Teaching Sociology 27(1): 1-16.
Week Five Impression Management and Dramaturgy
September 23: Goffman, Erving. 1959. Pp. 1-76 in Presentation of Self in Everyday Life.
New York: Doubleday.
September 25: CHOOSE ONE:
Collett, Jessica L. 2005. “What Kind of Mother Am I? Impression Management and the Social Construction of Motherhood.” Symbolic Interaction 28(3):327-347.
Schweingruber, David, Sine Anahita, and Nancy Berns. 2004. “‘Popping the Question’ When the Answer is Known: The Engagement Proposal as Performance.” Sociological Focus 37(2):143-161.
Text: DeLamater and Myers Chapter 9
****Paper 1 Due
Week Six The Golden Age: Early Group Research
September 30: Asch, Solomon E. 1955. “Opinions and Social Pressure.”
Tajfel, Henri. 1970. “Experiments in Intergroup Discrimination.” Scientific American, 223, 96-102.
Read the NYT Article
October 2: Film: Special Victim’s Unit, Season 5, Episode E4421, “Mean”
Suggested: Selections from Robber’s Cave, Sherif (link in WebCT)
Text: DeLamater and Myers Chapter 14
Week Seven Social Exchange and Power
October 7: Cook, Karen S. and Eric Rice. 2003. “Social Exchange Theory.” Pp. 53-76 in Handbook of Social Psychology, edited by John DeLamater. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.
October 9: None
Week Eight The Beginning Decades of Sociological Social Psychology
October 14: The “Crisis” in Social Psychology (Stryker from week 1) and a look ahead
Class Workshop
October 16: ****Exam
****Paper 2 Due
Week Nine Symbolic Interactionism and Social Structure/Agency
October 21: Stryker, Sheldon. 1980. “Contemporary Symbolic Interactionism: A Statement.” Chapter 3 in Symbolic Interactionism: A Social Structural Version. The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company.
Stryker, Sheldon. 1994. “Freedom and Constraint in Social and Personal Life: Toward Resolving the Paradox of Self.” Pp. 119-138 in Self, Collective Behavior and Society: Essays Honoring the Contributions of Ralph H. Turner, edited by Gerald M. Platt and Chad Gordon. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
October 23: Burke, Peter J. 2004. “Identities and Social Structure: The 2003 Cooley-Mead Award Address.” Social Psychology Quarterly 67(1):5-15.
Suggested: Stryker, Sheldon. 1987. “The Vitalization of Symbolic Interaction.” Social Psychology Quarterly 50(1): 83-94.
Week Ten Self & Identity
October 28: Foddy, Margaret and Yoshihisa Kashima. 2002. “Self and Identity: What is the Conception of the Person Assumed in the Current Literature.” Pp. 3-26 in Self and Identity: Personal, Social, and Symbolic edited by Yoshihisa Kashima, Margaret Foddy and Michael Platow. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
October 30: None
Text: DeLamater and Myers Chapter 4
****Extra Credit Paper Due
Week Eleven Expectations States Theories
November 4: Berger, Joseph, Susan Rosenholz, and Morris Zelditch Jr. 1980. “Status Organizing Processes.” Annual Review of Sociology 6: 479-508.
November 6: Ridgeway, Cecilia L. 2000. “The Formation of Status Beliefs: Improving Status Construction Theory.” Advances in Group Processes, edited by EJ Lawler, M. Macy, SR Thye, and HA Walker, 17: 77-102. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Suggested: Pugh, Meredith D. and Ralph Wharman. 1983. “Neutralizing Sexism in Mixed-Sex Groups: Do Women Have to be Better than Men?” American Journal of Sociology 88: 736-762.
Driskell, James E. and Brian Mullen. 1990. “Status, Expectations, and Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review and Test of the Theory.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 16: 541-553.
Week Twelve Social Identity and Group Conflict
November 11: Brewer, Marilynn B. and Michael D. Silver. 2000. “Group Distinctiveness, Social Identification, and Collective Mobilization.” Pp. 153-171 in Self, Identity, and Social Movements, edited by Sheldon Stryker, Timothy J. Owens, and Robert W. White. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
November 13: Douglas, Karen M., Craig Mcgarty, Ana-Maria Bliuc and Girish Lala. 2005. “Understanding Cyberhate: Social Competition and Social Creativity in Online White Supremacist Groups.” Social Science Computer Review 23(1): 68-76.
Resource: http://www.prisonexp.org/
Text: DeLamater and Myers Chapter 16
****Paper 3 Due
Week Thirteen Social Cognition & Beyond
November 18: Howard, Judith A. 1995. “Social Cognition.” Pp. 90-117 in Sociological Perspectives on Social Psychology edited by Karen S. Cook, Gary Alan Fine, and James S. House. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
November 20: Hollander, Jocelyn A. and Judith A. Howard. 2000. “Social Psychological Theories on Social Inequalities.” Social Psychology Quarterly 63(4): 338-351.
Text: DeLamater and Myers Chapter 5
Resource: https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/
Week Fourteen BREAK
November 25: NO CLASS – BREAK
November 27: NO CLASS – BREAK
Week Fifteen Emotions
December 2: Hochschild, Arlie R. 1979. “Emotion Work, Feeling Rules, and Social Structure.” American Journal of Sociology 85(3):551-575.
Robinson, Dawn T., Lynn Smith-Lovin and Olga Tsoudis. 1994. “Heinous Crime or Unfortunate Accident? The Effects of Remorse on Responses to Mock Criminal Confessions.” Social Forces 73: 175-190.
December 4: CHOOSE ONE:
Thoits, Peggy. 1985. “Self-labeling Processes in Mental Illness: The Role of Emotional Deviance.” American Journal of Sociology 92:221-249.
Smith, Allen C. and Sherryl Kleinman. 1989. “Managing Emotions in Medical School: Students Contacts with the Living and the Dead.” Social Psychology Quarterly 52(1): 56-69.
Text: DeLamater and Myers Chapter 10
Resource: http://www.indiana.edu/~socpsy/ACT/interact.htm
Week Sixteen Wrap-up
December 9: Social Psychology: What we have learned and the future of the discipline
December 11: Class Workshop
****Paper 4 Due
Finals Week Final exam
December 18th The final is preliminarily scheduled for 2:15 – 4:15, this is subject to change. I’ll let you know when the university finalizes the time and place.